Preventing Diseases in Your Plants

Veteran gardeners know the best disease treatment is prevention.  There are some things you can do no matter what outdoor plant you are growing that make it harder for plant diseases to attack your plants.

Sanitation

The most important way to prevent plant diseases is to practice good sanitation.  Sanitize your gardening tools at the beginning of each gardening day.  Wash dirt off the tools, then wipe them with rubbing alcohol, including all the nooks and crannies and the handle.  Rinse and dry the tools well. 

Sanitation also refers to removing dead plants promptly.  Do not compost diseased plants as that will spread the disease.  Put them in the trash.  For vegetables, remove all the spent plants at the end of the season.  Keep windfall fruit picked up.  Both pests and diseases can overwinter in vegetable debris.  Keep animals out of food crops, including chickens.

Purchase From Reputable Dealers

As with anything, you get what you pay for.  Do not purchase plants and seeds unless you know the place where you are shopping has a good reputation.  Many diseases are spread by seeds, so buy only certified disease-free seeds.  Do not purchase plants that look wilted or unwell.

Rotate Plants

Tomatoes

If you grow vegetables, rotate your crops each season.  Rotate by families.  For example, if you grow tomatoes in an area one season, do not plant anything from the nightshade family in that spot for three years.  Some people do not have a big enough garden to effectively do this, but if you can, rotate your crops.

If you have a plant die, do not put another plant of the same or closely related species in that spot until you are sure the disease is not soil borne.  For example, if a peach tree dies of cotton root rot, planting another susceptible tree such as another fruit or nut tree, ash, cottonwood, elms, figs, or a sycamore tree will probably result in the death of that tree, too.  Plant a tree that is resistant or immune to cotton root rot instead.

Plant At Ideal Time

Plant different plants at the best time to maximize their potential.  If possible, plant bare root plants in late fall or early spring so they can become established before the summer heat.  While you can plant a container grown plant at any time of the year, it is better to plant them in the fall so their roots can get established before the cold.

Plant Properly

When you plant something, dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball and a foot deeper.  Do not put fertilizer in the bottom of the hole because it will burn the tiny root hairs off the roots.  These are the part of the root that takes in water.  To plant your tree or shrub, have someone hold the tree at ground level.  Fill in the dirt from the hole under and around the tree to make it stand up straight.  Water to settle the soil.  Fill more soil into the hole until full.  Water and repeat until the soil does not sink any more after watering it.

Mulch

Mulch helps stabilize soil temperature and soil moisture.  It blocks weeds and helps protect trees and shrubs from lawn mower and string trimmers.  The mulch should ideally be three inches deep.  Leave a three-inch zone around the trunk free of mulch, then put the mulch from there to the edge of the dripline.  As the tree grows, the mulch should be extended with it.  You can use a low growing ground cover like Virginia creeper or creeping phlox instead of mulch, but don’t leave bare ground under the tree.  Mulch helps keep soil borne diseases from spreading by putting a layer between the plant foliage and the soil.

Don’t Overcrowd Plants

When installing a new landscape, the temptation is to plant things close together, so the landscape looks fully grown now.  The problem is that when the plants grow, they are too close together.  Air cannot circulate around them, so the foliage doesn’t dry after a rain, setting them up for a fungal problem.  The neighboring plants compete for light, water, and nutrients.  The plants are not able to grow to their potential.

Water Properly

Watering sounds easy enough, but some watering practices increase the chance your plants will get fungal infections, soil borne diseases, and other problems.  Most ornamental perennials need about an inch of water a week.  In hot climates, they may need to be watered twice a week.  Watering deeply once or twice a week is preferable to watering a little every day.  Plants that are watered deeply grow good roots that reach down into the soil.  Not only does this let the plants reach water that is deeper in the soil, it helps stabilize the plant so it doesn’t blow over as readily.

When you water, try to get the water in the root zone without getting the plant wet.  Fungal infections need about eight hours of wetness to take hold.  If you do not get the foliage wet, it makes a fungal infection less likely.

Drip irrigation is the gold standard for watering, but a soaker hose works, too.  Always water before ten o’clock in the morning.  This leaves the whole day for wind and sun to dry any water you might get on your plant.  If you do have to use overhead sprinklers or a water hose, make sure the area where you water is mulched.  This keeps soil with fungal spores from being splashed onto the foliage of your plant, where it can cause a problem. 

In the winter, plants need less water.  You do still need to water them, however.  Watering early in the day will give the water time to soak in before it gets freezing at night. 

Don’t Overfertilize

Most native plants do not need much fertilizer.  They have evolved to live in the soil in your area.  Plants from elsewhere, fruit trees, nut trees, and vegetables need fertilizing.  When fertilizing, follow the directions on the label of the fertilizer.  Many people feel that if a little fertilizer is good, more is better.  This just isn’t true.

Too much fertilizer can burn your plants and can even kill them.  Too much nitrogen encourages plants to put on lots of new growth.  Many pests and diseases love tender new growth.  In addition, too much new growth can make it hard for the roots to bring up enough water for the plant’s needs.  Fertilizing too near cold weather means all that new growth will freeze and die back, potentially injuring the plant.

Remove Diseased Plants Promptly

Many plant diseases are contagious.  The best way to protect your plants is to promptly treat any plant disease that is treatable.  If the disease is too severe or is viral, pull the plant up and discard it in the trash.  Do not compost diseased plants or you will spread the disease when you spread the compost.

Plants that are native to your region have usually developed resistance or immunity to the diseases that frequent the area.  They are usually able to tolerate common pests in the area, too.

Ask Question

TN Nursery staff are happy to answer any gardening questions you may have.  Give us a call at 931.692.7325 and we will help you find the perfect plant.

Peach Fruit Tree - TN Nursery

Peach Fruit Tree 3-4'

Peach Fruit Tree: Prunus Persica Peach fruit trees have many benefits. Homeowners can control what they eat when they grow them themselves, which is a catalyst for obtaining good health. Zones and Chill Hours of Peach Trees Ours have had the 600-900 chill hours needed for high success of fruiting varieties. They are hardy in zones five through eight and will yield fruitful, and you can especially expect these to flourish in zones six and seven. Yield and Longevity of Peach Trees  With a little planning, space, and maintenance, growing them is one of the most fruitful and rewarding returns on your garden. Depending on the variety, fresh organic produce is available within a few short years of planting. Within the average lifespan of 30 years, yours will yield fresh organic produce for a fraction of supermarket prices, averaging about 66 pounds per crop. Growing Them At Home Allows You to Keep Them 100% Organic  In addition, you save yourself the trip to the store, which is also good for the environment. Environment Planting yours means that you are in command of the treatments and can guard yours in the most organic ways available. This means fewer chemicals are in the environment and on yours. They are Environmentally Sustainable and Economically Friendly  On a greater and more far-reaching scale, growing locally reduces shipping and carbon dioxide emissions. A single acre of them will provide enough oxygen for 18 people. Landscaping By opting to plant yours or otherwise, you are increasing oxygen, and if you place yours strategically, they can serve as protection for shade-seeking types. They are Self-Pollinating at TN Nursery Most peach trees are self-pollinating and, with the lovely blooms that precede harvest, are an attractive addition to any landscaping platform. For those considering a variety, it is important to consult your almanac or nursery to determine the best varieties available for your planting conditions. Once you have determined the type you want on your property, you are that much closer to establishing a long-term source of fresh, organic produce for your whole family.

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Sycamore Tree - TN Nursery

Sycamore Tree

Sycamore Tree - Platanus Occidentalis The majestic Sycamore tree, known scientifically as Platanus occidentalis, is an iconic and awe-inspiring presence in the natural landscape of North America. Standing as a testament to the time and enduring through the seasons, they symbolize resilience, grandeur, and natural beauty. Add Year-Round Interest to Your Yard with Sycamore Tree  They can add year-round interest to your yard in several ways. Their distinctive bark peels off in sections, exposing a multi-hued pattern of brown, green, and white. No matter the season, this bark feature always turns heads. These have an exciting winter activity: they make seed balls. These globular clusters adorn the barren branches with visual appeal and textural variety. As they age, their tall, pyramidal crowns change to rounded, irregular shapes supported by branches with vast diameters. Create Picturesque Silhouettes Against the Sky With Sycamore Tree These trees are perfect for making dramatic skyline silhouettes because of their distinctive branching structure and tall, upright growth habit. Their branches arch upward and outward, creating a unique, complex pattern that catches the eye as it meets the horizon. These lace-like silhouettes become even more artistic and dramatic during the winter after the leaves drop. Design Majestic Canopies and Structure With This Native It is a good choice for creating natural canopies because of their erect, pyramidal crowns when young and rounded, uneven forms as they grow. They have many branches with a big diameter; however, the plant may seem unruly and ugly if the lowest branches are too close to the ground. Removing unnecessary branches from lower branches allows them to grow upward rather than outward. They Can Get 75 To 100 Feet Tall In the autumn, chlorophyll breakdown causes a chemical reaction that causes the leaves on them to shift color. The leaves cease photosynthesis in response to the changing light and temperature patterns. This reduces or halts the production of chlorophyll, which makes the green hue fade and exposes other hues. As autumn approaches, the leaves' yellow carotenoids come into view, imparting their vibrant hues. In addition to color-changing leaves, these plants bloom colorful, small, spherical clusters of flowers in April and May. Some variants bloom flowers in their sixth to seventh year of growth. The male and female flowers are usually yellow or red. What Is Unique About This Native They have a smooth and clean light grey outer surface that, when scraped off, has an uneven splotched brown hue. This is a great type that can withstand many different climate conditions and is typically used for shading and planting beautification. What are the benefits of them? It has a large crown that will offer good shade, and its leaves help filter pollutants into the air. They are also crucial in checking soil erosion and are homes to birds and other small mammals. What does It symbolize? They might be considered to symbolize strength, protection, and eternity because of their large size and long life. It is also associated with growth and survival in many cultures due to its characteristics in hardship conditions. What Is The Lifespan Of Them They are long-living, with an average age of 200 and 600 years. If looked after and given the right conditions, they can live on and grow for very many years. What are some interesting facts about them? Sycamore trees are among the most enormous deciduous types that may grow between a hundred and thirty feet tall. They have a white and green mottled outer skin that can easily be scratched off, exposing a brown texture.

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Virginia Creeper - TN Nursery

Virginia Creeper

Virginia Creeper - Parthenocissus Quinquefolia Virginia Creeper plant is a vining favorite known for its striking five-lobed leaves and ability to climb and cover walls and structures, turning vibrant shades of red in the fall. It is a versatile and attractive plant with numerous benefits when incorporated into landscaping projects. It has become famous for enhancing outdoor spaces with its vibrancy. It is part of the grape family. It gains its name from one of the native areas where it grows. It is a deciduous climber that can extend and climb a trellis well in the wild. The Leaves Of Virginia Creeper Typically, five leaflets combine to make up each set of leaves. Occasionally, however, it can be found with three or seven leaflets. Either way, they're joined on the leafstalk's central point and grow from one to eight inches. They have a bright green appearance in summer, then turn into brilliant shades of red and purple in autumn. Each leaflet has a toothed margin, and the seedlings come with heart-shaped leaves. Late spring brings with it inconspicuous flower clusters. They brighten this plant with their greenish, small appearance. However, they only become more noticeable once they turn into berries. The Berries Of The Virginia Creeper Berries grow on it in the late summer or early fall. These complex, small berries are purplish-black and typically don't get larger than 1/4 inch in diameter. Although the berries are not meant for humans, they offer an excellent food source to birds. In fact, due to the long lifespan of the berries, they become a vital source of winter food for a wide array of birds. It Will Climb As Tall As You Want While it's true that it can grow to astronomical heights in the wild, that's not going to happen when you plant them around your home. Instead, their growth rate is limited by the structure that they're given to grow on. In other words, if you want them to grow up to only three feet, give them something three feet tall to climb. On the other hand, if you want them to soar up to 40 feet, you'll need to provide them with something that tall to climb. This height control method is a fantastic way to end up with them that do precisely what you want them to do. Something that helps set creepers apart is that they will not damage your building. Therefore, these deciduous climbers will work great in your yard. Where does it grow best? It is adapted to a wide range of climate conditions but thrives well in well-drained, partial-shade to full-sun areas. It is suitable for planting on walls, fences, and along trellises.  What is the lifespan of them? It is an entender evergreen vine that requires little attention and can live for decades if correctly maintained. It is a fast-growing plant and can, therefore, be used for landscaping and as ground cover vegetation.  What are some interesting facts about this perennial? It is grown for its brilliant scarlet color during the autumn, which gives character to the garden.  Do they lose their leaves? It is a deciduous vine, which means that it sheds its leaves during the last quarter of the year.  How long does it take to grow? Virginia creeper is a very fast-growing vine of its family and can reach a height of 3 to 5 feet per year, more so when the conditions are favorable. In a few years, it can expand over vast areas, thus making it ideal for the development of green walls or as a ground cover.

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Creeping Phlox - TN Nursery

Creeping Phlox

Creeping Phlox - Phlox Stolonifera The Creeping Phlox is a low-growing perennial plant with small, vibrant pink flowers that form a dense carpet-like display in spring. It forms a beautiful, lush pink carpet array of blooms and is an excellent spreading groundcover plant that will control weeds and overgrowth near hillsides and banks you can not maintain. Due to its numerous benefits and aesthetic appeal, it is a popular and versatile plant used in landscaping.  The plant is a solid option for those who want to add gorgeous color to their yard. This plant, also known as the mountain type, moss type, and moss pink, is native to the central and eastern United States, and its beauty makes it a popular option for gardens around the globe. What are the benefits of adding this vibrant plant to your yard or garden? Creeping Phlox Has Brilliant Colors It's flowers are stunning, with colors ranging from pale blue, white, and pink to bright violet. Each flower has five hardy petals, but some have six petals. The plants bloom through the spring and summer, providing lasting color for approximately one month. As an evergreen perennial, the plant remains green throughout the year. It can brighten up an otherwise dull, dreary yard in the peak of the cold weather season. Creeping Phlox Is A Filler Plant This plant grows five inches tall and up to 13 inches in diameter. In addition to the expanse of a single plant, the plant proliferates. Many use its beauty as an alternative to grass or a filler in their more extensive gardens. Because of its short height, it does not need to be cut back like grass and other ground cover. Weeds increase and can make your yard look poorly maintained in a matter of weeks. The plant is dense with tightly clustered leaves. When in bloom, the flowers blanket the tops of the plants. Because of its unique traits, the plant prevents or minimizes weed growth. As a result, your gardens can continue to look fabulous without needing to devote hours of your valuable time to pulling weeds regularly.  Grass generally only thrives on ledges and steep banks, making your grounds look barren and subject to erosion. The plant, however, thrives in these areas. Its presence can dramatically reduce the damaging effects of erosion while enhancing aesthetics. It is well-suited for providing immediate and long-term benefits to your property. It thrives in drainage and bright light. It wants somewhere it'll spread easily and turn into a carpet in spring.  It is a perennial that returns every year. It blooms for 2-4 weeks in the spring and it's evergreen so you can have it for year round ground cover.  It starts quickly and spreads into a mound of foliage and flowers. When properly managed and under the right conditions, it can cover a lot of land in just a few seasons.  Creeping phlox is easy-care, but it does need to be pruned once the flowers are faded. Install it in moist place and water it in summer.

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